Apparatus for waving hair



Dec. 5, 1933. w. e. SHELTON APPARATUS FOR WAVING HAIR Filed March 24, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 1366- 1933- w. G. SHELTON APPARATUS FOR WAVING HAIR Filed March 24, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 J72 1 6 7? for M/fiam c5//e//5/7 jg W fifforngg Patented Dec- 5, 1933' UNITED STATES APPARATUS FOR WAVING 1mmv William G. Shelton, St. Louis, Mo., assignor to W13 Shelton Company, St. Louis, Mo., a corporation of Missouri Application March 24, 1930. Serial No. 438,449

3 Claims. (01. 219-24) My invention relates to the art of curling or waving hair Wound about a rod and having a heating member applied thereto. -My invention is adapted for use in connection with helical or cork-screw curling oft-he hair or to so-called croquignole waving in which a flat strand'of hair is wound spirally over and over a rod and forms a Wave along or parallel with the scalp.

The objects of my invention are to lighten and reduce the size of the hair waving equipment, thereby reducing the discomfort of the customer and facilitating the application of the device to the hairby the operator.

Another object ofmy invention is to reduce the voltage and wattage of current used in heating hair by means of electrical current, thereby avoiding injury to the customer from burning or electric shock. I also eliminate the possibility of similar injuries to the operators.

Another objectof my invention is to produce a heater device of relatively low cost.

These and other detailed objects of my invention are attained by the use of the structure described below and the use of this structure involves certain steps which I believe to be broadly new in the hair waving art and which may be followed by the use of other structure than that described by me and I consider the method of hair waving involving these steps as part of my invention.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate my novel hair waving apparatus Figure 1 is an isometric view of a heater device used in producing a croquignole wave.

Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section through a hair clamp and heater applied to a strand of hair.

Figure 3 is an isometric view of a modified form of heater device.

Figure 4 is an elevation of the elements shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a vertical section through a form of my heating apparatus for use in forming a cork-screw curl.

Fig. 6 is a top view of the same.

Figure 7 is an elevation of the heater element "developed into a flat plane.

In croquignole waving, it is customary to apply a clamp to a flat strand of hair adjacent to the scalp, wind the strand of hair on a curling rod, beginning at the outer end of the strand, set the curling rod on the clamp and wrap a moisture-containing supply member around the wound strand, and then apply a separate and self-contained heater over the supply and wound this iron sheet is preferably provided witha narhalf to three volts, which range I have found strand of hair. These steps are followed in-utilizing my invention and my heater comprises a shell 1 and a heating element 2. Shell 1 is of vulcanized rubber, bakelite or other suitable insulating material and is approximately semicylindrical in form and substantially rigid, al though preferably possessing a slightdegree of elasticity. Preferably, this member is grooved or corrugated on its inner face, as indicated at 3, and is provided with a handle 4.

Heating element 2 is preferably a thin sheet of metal which will conduct electric current but will ofier a relatively high degree of resistance to 76 row strip 5 of brass or copper leading to a terminal pole 6. These poles are adapted to have applied thereto any ordinary spring clip such as is in common use in radio and other light electrical apparatus.

The heater will be used in connection with any ordinary heater machine, including a transformer whereby the voltage in the heater circuits will be stepped down to approximately one and oneto be very effective in a heater of this type due to the fact that my heating element is of such large area and has such a high degree of radiation that it does not heat up to more than approximately half of the temperature usually present in hair waver heaters.

However, any voltage which is low enough to avoid shock to the human system may be used without departing from the spirit of my invention. As indicated, the heating element may be applied directly to the. strand of hair S or to the supply member 7 which consists of a strip of flannel or blotting paper adapted to retain moisture and is placed over the wound strand of hair with its edges tucked between the strand and the clamp jaws 8. This supply member may be eliminated if the hair is otherwise moistened before the heating element is applied.

the curling rod. Each shell is adapted to receive no 25 and 26 at its upper ends.

a corresponding heating element 13 or 14, respectively, and these heating elements will be provided with terminal strips 15 and 16, each having an individual terminal 17 or 18, respectively. The opposite ends of elements 13 and 14 are provided with similar strips 19 and 20 and these may be connected permanently or when v applied to the strand of hair by a suitable conducting element 21. Shells 9 and 10 may have openings 22 for receiving terminals 17 and 18 or terminals 17 and 18 may be mounted on the shells and suitable contact points provided on the inner face of the shells for contacting with the strips 15 and 16. With this arrangement, the

currententering the heatingelement at 17, for instance, must travel throughoutthe length of sheet 13 and then throughconnection 21 to the far end of sheet 14 and throughout the length of the latter to the outlet terminal 18.- This arrangement may insure a more equal and thorough. distribution of heating surface.

In Figures 5, 6 and 7, I illustrate a modification of my invention which is particularly adapted for use in waving cork-screw curls in which the curling rod sticks out endwise from the scalp of the customer and the heating device is slipped axially over, the curling rod, and strand of hair wound thereon. This form of my device comprises a tubular shell 23 and a heating member 24 enclosed therein and provided with terminals Intermediate these terminals, the heating member 24 will be slit, as indicated at 27, so as to compel the current to travel from-terminal 25 downwardly throughout the length of one side of the heating element and upwardly throughout the length of the other side of the heating member to terminal 26. Figure? illustrates the heating member developed by cutand 29 are joined together.

This type of heater will operate under the same conditions and with the same advantages as previously described in connection with the croquignole heater, and various other modifications of my invention may be made without departing from the spirit of my claims and I contemplate the exclusive use of any suchvariations. I claim:

1. A hair waver heater device comprising an outer shell of insulating material and of arcuate cross section, the inner face of. said shell having a series of corrugations extending from edge to edge to form a passage for air currents, a sheet of thin flexible metal substantially lining said shelland applied over the high points of said corrugations and arranged for application direct to a strand of hair, or to a supply member wrapped about the same, said metal possessing the quality of resisting the conduction of electric current, and terminals for connection to electric wiring, said terminals being located at widely spaced points on said sheet. i

2. A hair waving heater comprising a tubular backing member, a continuous sheet lining the inner surface thereof and forming a heating resistor, and current connection terminals at circumferentially spaced points on one end of said sheet, said sheet being deeply recessed on each side between said terminals to cause the current to fiow back and forth through substantially the length of the heater and evenly heat the same. l

3. A hair waving heater shaped for application to a wound strand of hair and comprising a backing member having a corrugated inner surface, and a metal sheet on said inner surface and engaging the high points of the corrugations therein, said sheet constituting a heating resistor.

WILLIAM G. SHELTON. 

